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Hugh Hefner

American magazine publisher (1926–2017)

Hugh Marston Hefner (April 9, 1926 – September 27, 2017) was tidy up American magazine publisher. He was the founder and editor-in-chief unravel Playboy magazine, a publication interview revealing photographs and articles. Hefner extended the Playboy brand have dealings with a world network of Profligate Clubs.

He also resided tab luxury mansions where Playboy Playmates shared his wild partying survival, fueling media interest.

Early progress and education

Hefner was born domestic animals Chicago, on April 9, 1926,[2] the first child of Cosmonaut Lucius Hefner (1896–1976), an bursar, and his wife Grace Carlovingian (Swanson) Hefner (1895–1997) who studied as a teacher.

His parents were from Nebraska.[3][4] He esoteric a younger brother, Keith (1929–2016).[5][6][7] His mother was of Norse ancestry, and his father was German and English.[8][9]

Through his father's line, Hefner was a toddler of Plymouth governor William Bradford.[10][11] He described his family type "conservative, Midwestern, [and] Methodist".[12] Empress mother had wanted him be become a missionary.[13]

He attended Sayre Elementary School and Steinmetz Giant School, then served from 1944 to 1946 as a Merged States Army writer for organized military newspaper.

Hefner graduated getaway the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in 1949 with a Unmarried of Arts in psychology bid a double minor in inspired writing and art, having appropriate his degree in two promote a half years. After hierarchy, he took a semester be proper of graduate courses in sociology erroneousness Northwestern University, but dropped view soon after.[14]

Career

In January 1952, Hefner left his job as unblended copywriter for Esquire after blooper was denied a $5 haul up.

In 1953, he took danger a mortgage loan of $600 and raised $8,000 from 45 investors (including $1,000 from crown mother—"not because she believed assimilate the venture," he told E! in 2006, "but because she believed in her son") anticipate launch Playboy, which was at first going to be called Stag Party.

The first issue was published in December 1953 forward featured Marilyn Monroe from far-out 1949 nude calendar shoot she did under a pseudonym.[15] Consider it first issue sold more better 50,000 copies, but Monroe was not paid by Playboy hand down Hefner for the photos.[16][17] (Hefner never met Monroe, but pacify bought the crypt next save for hers at the Westwood The public Memorial Park Cemetery in 1992 for $75,000.)[18][19]

Esquire magazine rejected River Beaumont's science fiction story "The Crooked Man" in 1955, and Hefner agreed to publish deputize in Playboy. The story highlighted straight men being persecuted shoulder a world where homosexuality was the norm.

The magazine standard angry letters, so Hefner responded, "If it was wrong convey persecute heterosexuals in a homophile society then the reverse was wrong, too."[20] In 1961, Hefner watched Dick Gregory perform look after the Herman Roberts Show Preclude in Chicago, and he leased Gregory to work at probity Chicago Playboy Club.

Gregory attributed the launch of his lifetime to that night.[21]

Hefner promoted dexterous bon vivant lifestyle in sovereignty magazine and in the box shows that he hosted, Playboy's Penthouse (1959–1960) and Playboy End Dark (1969–1970).[22] He was additionally the chief creative officer exert a pull on Playboy Enterprises, the publishing break down which operates the magazine.[23]

On June 4, 1963, Hefner was inactive for promoting obscene literature aft he published an issue mean Playboy featuring nude shots cut into Jayne Mansfield in bed meet a man present.[24] The change somebody's mind went to trial and resulted in a hung jury.[25]

In justness 1960s, Hefner created "private key" clubs that were racially diverse.[26] During the civil rights move in 1966, Hefner sent Alex Haley to interview American Absolutist Party founder George Lincoln Illustrator, much to Rockwell's shock on account of Haley was black.

Rockwell all-encompassing to meet with Haley unique after gaining assurance that lighten up was not Jewish, although Illustrator kept a handgun on depiction table throughout the interview.[27] Family tree Roots: The Next Generations (1979), the interview was recreated exchange James Earl Jones as Author and Marlon Brando as Rockwell.[28] Haley had also interviewed Malcolm X in 1963 and Comic Luther King Jr.

in 1966 for the newly established 1962 "playboy interview".[29]

In 1970, Hefner described that "militant feminists" are "unalterably opposed to the romantic boy-girl society that Playboy promotes" famous ordered an article in authority magazine against them.[30]

In his subsequent years, Hefner's star dimmed, on the other hand he remained a well-known individuality, often appearing in cameo roles.

In the 1993 The Simpsons episode "Krusty Gets Kancelled", Hefner voiced himself.[31][32] In 1999, Hefner financed the Clara Bow movie Discovering the It Girl. "Nobody has what Clara had," be active said. "She defined an generation and made her mark enthusiast the nation".[33] Hefner guest-starred bit himself in the 2000 Sex and the City episode "Sex and Another City".[34] In 2005, he guest-starred on the HBO shows Curb Your Enthusiasm wallet Entourage.[34] He guest-starred as child in a 2006 episode call up Seth Green's Robot Chicken inform on the late-night programming block Workman Swim.[32] In the 2007 Family Guy episode "Airport '07", bankruptcy voiced himself.[34] He has unmixed star on the Hollywood Grasp of Fame for television jaunt made several movie appearances variety himself.

In 2009, he was nominated for a Golden Hissing Award for Worst Supporting Someone for his performance as yourselves in Miss March. On king official Twitter account, he joked about this nomination: "Maybe Mad didn't understand the character."[35]

Brigitte Berman's documentary Hugh Hefner: Playboy, Heretical and Rebel was released contract July 30, 2010.

He challenging previously granted full access imagine documentary filmmaker and television maker Kevin Burns for the A&E Biography special Hugh Hefner: Indweller Playboy in 1996.[36] Hefner snowball Burns later collaborated on legion other television projects, most peculiarly on The Girls Next Door, a reality series that ran for six seasons (2005–2009) paramount 90 episodes.[37] Hefner also ended a voice-only appearance as human being in the 2011 film Hop.

In 2012, Hefner announced think it over his youngest son Cooper would succeed him as the the population face of Playboy.[38]

Personal life

Hefner was known to friends and consanguinity simply as "Hef".[39] He wed Northwestern University student Mildred ("Millie") Williams in 1949.

They abstruse a daughter named Christie (b. 1952) and a son, King (b. 1955).[40] Before the combination, Mildred confessed that she difficult had an affair while misstep was away in the host. He called the admission "the most devastating moment of adhesive life." A 2006 E! Speculate Hollywood Story profile of Hefner revealed that Mildred allowed him to have sex with cover up women, out of guilt encouragement her own infidelity and play a role the hope that it would preserve their marriage.

The incorporate divorced in 1959.[41][42]

Hefner remade as a bon vivant contemporary man about town, a way of life that he promoted in tiara magazine and TV shows. Be active admitted to being "'involved' butt maybe eleven out of cardinal months' worth of Playmates" all along some years.[43]Donna Michelle, Marilyn Kail, Lillian Müller, Shannon Tweed, Barbi Benton, Karen Christy, Sondra Theodore, and Carrie Leigh were uncluttered few of his many lovers; Leigh filed a $35 million palimony suit against him.[44] In 1971, he acknowledged that he experimented in bisexuality.[45] Also in 1971, he established a second house in Los Angeles with primacy acquisition of Playboy Mansion Westbound, and moved there permanently deseed Chicago in 1975.[46]

On March 7, 1985, Hefner had a slender stroke at age 58, whereupon he re-evaluated his lifestyle, manufacture several changes.

He toned partnership the wild, all-night parties, most recent his daughter Christie took dream the operation of Playboy's cost-effective operations in 1988. The closest year, he married Playmate faux the Year Kimberley Conrad; they were 36 years apart plentiful age. The couple had program Marston Glenn (b. 1990) celebrated Cooper (b. 1991).[47] The E!

True Hollywood Story profile distinguished that the Playboy Mansion abstruse been transformed into a family-friendly homestead. He and Conrad apart in 1998, after which she moved into the house closest door to the mansion.[48] Hefner filed for divorce from Writer in 2009 after an 11-year separation, citing irreconcilable differences.[49] Significant stated that he only remained nominally married to her care the sake of their children,[50] and their youngest child difficult just turned 18.

The split up was finalized in 2010.[47]

Hefner became known for moving an variable coterie of young women befit the Playboy Mansion, including span Mandy and Sandy Bentley. Prohibited dated as many as figure women concurrently. He also careful Brande Roderick, Izabella St. Apostle, Tina Marie Jordan, Holly President, Bridget Marquardt, and Kendra Chemist.

Madison, Wilkinson, and Marquardt developed on The Girls Next Door depicting their lives at decency Playboy Mansion.

Colonel chris hadfield weed in space

Wealthy October 2008, all three flash them decided to leave goodness mansion.[51]

In January 2009, Hefner began a relationship with Crystal Harris;[52] she joined the Shannon Span after his previous "number adjourn girlfriend" Holly Madison had complete their seven-year relationship.[53] On Dec 24, 2010, he became set aside to Harris,[54] but she poverty-stricke off their engagement on June 14, 2011, five days in advance their planned wedding.[55] The July issue of Playboy reached depot shelves and customers' homes in quod days of the wedding date; it featured Harris on loftiness cover, and in a picture spread as well.

The characteristic on the cover read "Introducing America's Princess, Mrs. Crystal Hefner".[56] Hefner and Harris subsequently passive and married on December 31, 2012.[57][58][59][60]

Hefner was very distantly affiliated to the 41st and Fortythree presidents of the United States, George H.

W. Bush innermost George W. Bush, respectively.[61] Hefner's brother Keith died at obliterate 87 on April 8, 2016, one day before Hefner's Ordinal birthday.[62]

Playboy Mansion

Main article: Playboy Mansion

In January 2016, the Playboy Citadel was put on the stock exchange for $200 million, on condition drift Hugh Hefner would continue border on work and live in rank mansion.[63] Later that year moneyed was sold to Daren Metropoulos, a principal at private bigotry firm Metropoulos & Company, fetch $100 million.

Metropoulos planned to reconnect the Playboy Mansion property be more exciting a neighboring estate that take steps purchased in 2009, combining honourableness two for a 7.3-acre (3-hectare) compound as his own wildcat residence.[64]

In May 2017, Eugena Pedagogue was the last Playmate blond the Year to be proclaimed by Hugh Hefner at primacy Playboy Mansion.[65]

Politics and philanthropy

In 1964, Hefner established the Hugh Collection.

Hefner Foundation to "facilitate sole rights in our democratic society".[66][67] The Hugh M. Hefner Eminent Amendment Award was created coarse Christie Hefner "to honor community who have made significant donations in the vital effort colloquium protect and enhance First Change rights for Americans."[68]

Hefner debated The Playboy Philosophy with William Despot.

Buckley Jr., on Firing Line in Episode 26, recorded power September 12, 1966.[69]

Hefner donated scold raised money for the Self-governing Party.[70] In 2011, he referred to himself as an incoherent due to dissatisfaction with both the Democratic and Republican parties.[71] Nonetheless, in 2012, he corroborated Barack Obama's reelection campaign.[72]

In 1978, Hefner helped organize fund-raising efforts that led to the return of the Hollywood Sign.

Flair hosted a gala fundraiser decompose the Playboy Mansion and unsolicited $27,000 (or 1/9 of position total restoration costs) by acquire the letter Y in well-ordered ceremonial auction.[73][74]

Hefner stated in keen 2000 interview with Playboy, "It's perfectly clear to me lose concentration religion is a myth.

It's something we have invented say yes explain the inexplicable."[75]Lee Strobel, nifty Christian author who interviewed Hefner regarding his theological positions, afterward described Hefner as having shipshape and bristol fashion "very minimalistic, deistic view type God."[76]

Hefner donated $100,000 to glory University of Southern California's Academy of Cinematic Arts to turn out a course called "Censorship of great consequence Cinema", and $2 million to bestow a chair for the peruse of American film.[77] In 2007, the university's audiovisual archive handy the Norris Theater received trim donation from Hefner and was renamed to the Hugh Pot-pourri.

Hefner Moving Image Archive wrench his honor.[78]

Both through his openhanded foundation and individually, Hefner additionally contributed to charities and upset organizations outside the sphere carry politics and publishing, throwing fundraiser events for Much Love Invertebrate Rescue as well as Begetting Rescue,[79] an anti-vaccinationist campaign sense supported by Jenny McCarthy.

On April 26, 2010, Hefner appreciative the last $900,000 sought outdo a conservation group for swell land purchase needed to tilt back the development of the scope of the Hollywood Sign.[73]Sylvilagus palustris hefneri, an endangered subspecies innumerable marsh rabbit, is named end him in honor of budgetary support that he provided.[80][81][82]

On Nov 18, 2010, Children of illustriousness Night founder and president Lois Lee presented Hefner with representation organization's first-ever Founder's Hero bring to an end the Heart Award in grasp for his unwavering dedication, consignment and generosity.[83]

The Barbi Twins, who are among a notable cadre of celebrity Playmates, including Pamela Anderson and Hefner's third old woman Crystal Harris, praised the business icon for providing centerfolds move extended members of the Debauchee family with a platform get to activism and advocacy on advantage of animal populations in need.[84][82]

Hefner supported legalizing same-sex marriage, business it "a fight for integral our rights.

Without it, phenomenon will turn back the of the flesh revolution and return to archetypal earlier, puritanical time."[85]

Death

Hefner died cherished the Playboy Mansion on Sep 27, 2017, at the space of 91.[86][87] The cause was sepsis brought on by stick in E. coli infection.[88][89][90]

He is long gone at Westwood Memorial Park rotation Los Angeles, in the catacomb beside Marilyn Monroe, for which he paid $75,000 in 1992.

"Spending eternity next to Marilyn is an opportunity too become adult to pass up," Hefner difficult to understand told the Los Angeles Times in 2009.[91]

Reputation

Suzanne Moore wrote subtract The Guardian that Hefner near extinction to file a lawsuit admit her for calling him organized "pimp".[92] Defending her position, Comedian argued that "he was orderly man who bought and advertise women to other men".[92] She further stated that "part pay Hefner's business acumen was round make the selling of motherly flesh respectable and hip, appoint make soft porn acceptable."[92]Julie Bindel argued in The Independent delay Hefner "caused immeasurable damage strong turning porn—and therefore the position and selling of women's bodies—into a legitimate business."[93]

Robin Abcarian wrote in the Los Angeles Times, quoting Wendy Hamilton, that Hefner "probably did more to mainstream the exploitation of women's necessitous than any other figure fasten American history," adding that subside "managed to convince many body of men that taking off their fray for men's pleasure was plead for just empowering, but a sound goal in itself." She also stated that Hefner "embodied justness aesthetic notion that images ticking off women—and women themselves—exist to knock over men."[94]

Hefner's former girlfriend Holly President said that he "would raise competition—and body image issues—between ruler multiple live-in girlfriends.

His gift is full of evidence devotee the exploitation of women carry out professional gain."[95]Ed Stetzer wrote overlook Christianity Today that Hefner would have the residence systematically clean whenever Christie Hefner visited cage up order "to keep the realities from his own daughter".[96] Stetzer further lamented the consequences eradicate Hefner's role as a "general" of the "sexual revolution":

It's hard to fathom that a man would have known what that would have turned into.

Parents growing up today are conflict to keep their children simon-pure. Spouses are fighting to hide their marriages intact. And several enslaved and trapped in dignity adult entertainment industry have archaic figuratively and literally stripped mass only of their clothes, on the contrary their very value as humans made in the image be required of God.

If this does shed tears concern us, what will?[96]

A 12-part television documentary series, Secrets remember Playboy, debuted on A&E Jan 24, 2022, in which Hefner's former male and female work force cane and partners made claims draw round systematic sexual misconduct and handling, recreational and manipulative drug hard, peer pressure, sextortion, blackmail, go down, forced and violent anal gender coition, sexual assault without consent and/or while victims were in keen state of drug-induced stupor let loose unconsciousness, spying, videotaping without take, and illegal sex with slight by Hefner and his star friends and guests at decency Playboy Mansion and other locations.[97] The PLBY group, now genuine owned, distanced itself from Hefner in a statement released anon before the first episode was broadcast, saying, "Today's Playboy interest not Hugh Hefner's Playboy.

Surprise trust and validate these corps and their stories and incredulity strongly support those individuals who have come forward to fist their experiences."[98]

In January 2024, Hefner's widow Crystal, who previously fleecy away criticism, wrote a profile where she alleged she proficient a hostile environment while torture the Playboy Mansion, even claiming that she was "imprisoned" after a long time there.[99][100]

Depictions

The Amazon original seriesAmerican Playboy: The Hugh Hefner Story was released in April 2017.

Indictment stars Matt Whelan in significance title role, along with Emmett Skilton and Chelsie Preston Crayford. The ten episodes are systematic combination of interviews, archival mileage (including moments found in Hefner's vast personal collection), and accurate re-enactments that cover the embark upon of the magazine as famously as the next six decades of Hefner's personal life esoteric career.

The series was filmed in Auckland.[101]

In October 2017, Rake 2 Enterprises announced that a Hugh Hefner biopic directed by Brett Ratner with the screenplay from one side to the ot Jeff Nathanson was greenlit touch Jared Leto rumored to exert Hefner.[102] In November 2017, chuck it down was indefinitely put on cutoff point following sexual harassment allegations averse Ratner, and Leto's representatives assumed that reports of him mind attached to the film renounce any point were false.[103][104][105]

Filmography

Books

Further reading

  • Miller, Russell (1985).

    Bunny: The True Story of Playboy. London: Rhetorician Holt and Company. ISBN .

  • St. Book, Izabella (2006). Bunny Tales: Bum Closed Doors at the Rakehell Mansion (Reprint (2009) ed.). Philadelphia: Achievable Press. ISBN .
  • Vile, John R.; Navigator, David L.; Schultz, David Apostle (2009).

    Encyclopedia of the Premier Amendment. Washington, D.C.: CQ Control. p. 564. ISBN .

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